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. Blood count revealed marked leukocytosis, thrombocytosis and marked decrease in red blood cell counts with severe anemia in both acute and chronic UC groups compared to healthy control group < strong>. Conclusion: Increased levels of TGF-β protein and mRNA expression in UC disease might have a diagnostic value side by side with inflammatorybiomarkers (TNF-α, CRP & ESR), leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, bloody diarrhea and histopathological changes.]]>
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0.05 and P >0.01 respectively) compared to control. Moreover, the level of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β was increased in response to the elevated level of NF-𝜅B in both the acute and chronic UC (P > 0.01). Interestingly, we found a significant variation in the expression levels of IL-1β between the acute and chronic DSS-induced colitis (P > 0.01) that seems to be essential for the development of the UC from the acute to the chronic phase. These findings suggested that changing in NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways may be contributed in the development of both the acute and chronic DSS-induced UC in mice. Also, both of NF-κB and IL-1β enhance the development of UC and the progression of the acute intestinal inflammation into the chronic phase. Additionally, IL-1β could be used as diagnostic biomarkers to differentiate between the acute and chronic UC. ]]>
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