Al-Azhar University, Faculty of PharmacyAl-Azhar Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences1110-164459120190301EFFECT OF POLYPHENOLIC COMPOUNDS ISOLATED FROM NANDINA DOMESTICA. THUNB. LEAVES GROWING IN EGYPT AGAINST INDUCED ECZEMA IN MICE.186409810.21608/ajps.2019.64098ENMarwaAbu BakrLecturer pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (girls)–Al Azhar UniversityJournal Article20191208<strong>EFFECT OF POLYPHENOLIC COMPOUNDS ISOLATED FROM <em>NANDINA DOMESTICA</em>. THUNB. LEAVES GROWING IN EGYPT AGAINST INDUCED ECZEMA IN MICE.</strong>https://ajps.journals.ekb.eg/article_64098_9b78b9b3243be609bea1d31e2a37a18a.pdfAl-Azhar University, Faculty of PharmacyAl-Azhar Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences1110-164459120190301PHYTOCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL STUDY OF ADIANTUM CAPILLUS-VENERIS L. GROWING IN EGYPT9266410110.21608/ajps.2019.64101ENMahmoud M.SallamPharmacognosy Dept., Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt0000-0002-0660-031XJournal Article20191208Chromatographic fractionation and chemical investigation of the methanolic extract of the fronds and rhizomes of <em>Adiantum capillus-veneris</em> L. (Pteridaceae), resulted in the isolation and identification of four compounds. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using ESI-MS, 1D and 2D (COSY, HSQC and HMBC) NMR experiments, as well as by comparison with literature data. The isolated compounds were identified as; pinoresinol 4-<em>O</em>-<em>β</em>-d-glucopyranoside (<strong>1</strong>), pterosterone (<strong>2</strong>), kampferol-3-<em>O</em>-<em>β</em>-d-glucuronide (<strong>3</strong>), and quercetin-3-<em>O</em>-<em>β</em>-d-glucoside (<strong>4</strong>). Compounds <strong>1</strong> and <strong>2</strong> are reported here to be isolated for the first time from family Pteridaceae, however compounds <strong>3</strong> and <strong>4</strong> were isolated previously from the plant. Total methanolic extract as well as <em>n</em>-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and <em>n</em>-butanol (<em>n</em>-BuOH) fractions of <em>A. capillus-veneris</em> L. fern were evaluated for their antidiabetic and anti-yeast activity. The four isolated compounds were also evaluated for their anti-yeast activity. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest antidiabetic activity. Its inhibitory activity against both α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes was with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 52.8 µg/ml and 62.4 µg/ml, respectively. The <em>n</em>-hexane fraction showed the highest anti-yeast activity.https://ajps.journals.ekb.eg/article_64101_94683c72d857cc46ad950bb90ce71e5e.pdfAl-Azhar University, Faculty of PharmacyAl-Azhar Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences1110-164459120190301EFFECT OF CHEMICAL FERTILIZATION, BIOFERTILIZER AND THIDIAZURON ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF CELERY (APIUM GRAVEOLENS L.) PLANT.27536410210.21608/ajps.2019.64102ENSamirSallam2Department of medicinal plant and natural products, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20191208This study was conducted duringtwo successive seasons of 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 at Biotechnology Department, Phytochemistry Department and Farm of Applied Research Center of Medicinal Plants (ARCMP) affiliated to the National Organization for Drug Control And Research (NODCAR). The present work aimed to investigate the effect of inoculation <em>Apium graveolens </em>L. seeds with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (my) and/or microbein (mi) biofertilizer and foliar spray plants with Thidiazuron (TDZ) combined with chemical fertilizer at half or full dose of NPK on number of spores Am fungi (kg soil<sup>-1</sup>), AM fungi colonization , enzymatic activities (dehydrogenase activity [µg TPF/g dry soil/day] & Nitrogenase activity [nmol C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>/g rhizosphere/ hour]), growth parameters (fresh weight of shoots per plant (g), fresh weight of roots per plant (g), dry weight of shoots per plant (g), dry weight of roots per plant (g), Plant height (cm), number of umbel per plant [at full flowering stage] & dry weight of fruits per plant [at harvest stage]) and chemical composition (plant pigments [chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoides], macro elements content (%), total carbohydrates, and crude protein). The results in both seasons showed that, the highest values of number of AM fungi spores (kg soil<sup>-1</sup>) in celery (<em>Apium graveolens </em>L.) roots, AM fungi colonization %, enzymatic activities, growth parametersand chemical composition obtained at inoculating seeds with mixture of mycorrhizal and mycrobein at full dose of NPK.https://ajps.journals.ekb.eg/article_64102_4f178795636a69181876c74c6a3af73e.pdfAl-Azhar University, Faculty of PharmacyAl-Azhar Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences1110-164459120190301PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON CELERY (APIUM GRAVEOLENS L.) PLANT UNDER USING CHEMICAL FERTILIZATION, BIOFERTILIZER AND THIDIAZURON TREATMENTS54656410410.21608/ajps.2019.64104ENSamirSallam2Department of medicinal plant and natural products, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20191208A field experiment was conducted during two successive seasons of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 at Phytochemistry Department and Farm of Applied Research Center of Medicinal Plants (ARCMP) affiliated to the National Organization for Drug Control And Research (NODCAR). Present work aimed to study the effect of inoculation <em>Apium graveolens </em>L. seeds with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (my) and/or microbein (mi) and/or foliar spray plants with thidiazuran (TDZ) combine with chemical fertilizer at half or full dose of NPK on the % of the volatile oil of celery seeds, physiochemical investigation (Specific gravity of each essential oil and Refractive index of each essential oil), Compositional analysis by GLC of essential oil content , total phenolic t and flavonoid contentof dry seeds. Were estimated the results showed that inoculation of celery (<em>Apium graveolens </em>L.) seeds with mixture of mycorrhizal and microbein at full dose of NPK gave the highest yield of the volatile oiland total phenolic andflavonoid contentof dry seeds. While treated plants with biofertilizer (mycorrhizal and/or microbein) /or sprayed plants with (TDZ) combine biofertilizer at half or full dose of NPK didn't have any significant effect on physiochemical investigation and compositional analysis of volatile oil by GLC as compared to the control.https://ajps.journals.ekb.eg/article_64104_1de424ffe7db95e1fda3755c922a35cf.pdfAl-Azhar University, Faculty of PharmacyAl-Azhar Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences1110-164459120190301NATURALLY DERIVED COMPOUNDS USED FOR PREVENTION OR REGRESSION OF EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED LIVER FIBROSIS66876410610.21608/ajps.2019.64106ENAyaAdelCenter of Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20191208Liver fibrosis is a common health problem that is associated with mortality and morbidity worldwide. The inappropriate tissue repair of damaged liver results in over-synthesis and deposition of fibrillar collagen. It is usually associated with progressive pathological and biochemical changes that ultimately lead to structural and metabolic abnormalities and hepatic scarring. If not properly treated, liver fibrosis may develop to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma within few years. Blocking this progression, therefore, could be an effective and potential strategy for survival. The only effective approach to treating advanced liver fibrosis is transplantation. Understanding its etiology and pathophysiology, however, could help to investigate therapeutic pathophysiology based treatment of liver fibrogenesis. Recently several promising natural based treatment methods interfering with cytokines signaling pathway involved in fibrogenesis have been investigated offering new potential therapeutic intervention. The aim of the present updated review is to identify the natural antifibrotic options that have been studied in animal models with liver fibrosis for the treatment of this pathological conditions enabling prevention or at least regression of its progression.https://ajps.journals.ekb.eg/article_64106_d661aed9e4320fdb85310de08f015c1f.pdfAl-Azhar University, Faculty of PharmacyAl-Azhar Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences1110-164459120190301NEW DOVYALICIN-TYPE SPERMIDINE ALKALOID FROM DOVYALIS CAFFRA (WARB.); FAMILY: SALICACEAE, CULTIVATED IN EGYPT881066410810.21608/ajps.2019.64108ENMohammedZakiPharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.Journal Article20191208Phytochemical investigations of <em>Dovyalis caffra</em> (leaves and twigs) revealed a new dovyalicin-type spermidine alkaloid, named Dovyalicin G (1); which was identified as (<em>E</em>)-N-(4-(1,5-diazocan-1-yl)butyl)-N-methyltetradec-2-enamide, along with previously isolated <em>β</em>-sitosterol (2) and Hentriacontan-1-ol (3). The structures were established using ESI/MS, EI/MS, <sup>1</sup>H NMR, APT NMR, and two-dimensional NMR experiments. In addition to the biological studies of the different plant extracts including cytotoxicity, topoisomerase II inhibition, antimicrobial, and <em>in-vitro </em>anti-inflammatory activities. Screening of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and -2 (COX-2) inhibition to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity were performed. The alkaloid fraction showed good antimicrobial activity against studied microorganisms and remarkable cytotoxic activities against studied cell lines (Besides, total methanolic and petroleum ether extracts). The total methanolic extract showed strong COX- inhibition activity and selectivity toward COX-2, comparing with celecoxib.https://ajps.journals.ekb.eg/article_64108_09d2c96994c8e1317bb016264300b244.pdfAl-Azhar University, Faculty of PharmacyAl-Azhar Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences1110-164459120190301COMBINATION OF CIPROFLOXACIN AND SILVER NANOPARTICLES FOR TREATMENT OF MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA IN EGYPT1071226411010.21608/ajps.2019.64110ENGhadaMohamedBotany and Microbiology Department - Faculty of Science - Cairo University.Journal Article20191208<em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> was the most frightening pathogen that emergence in health facilities with increasing antibiotic resistance. Nanoparticles have reported as non-antibiotic therapeutic agents, that are highly effective in the treatment of <em>P. aeruginosa</em> infections. Combination therapy of nanoparticles and antibiotics considered an alternative therapeutic approach for restoring antibiotic activity. To achieve that goal, we used the synthetic silver nanoparticles in a combined form with ciprofloxacin against MDR <em>P. aeruginosa</em>. Fifty bacterial isolates that collected from different infection sites were confirmed as <em>P. aeruginosa</em> by detection of algD gene and Exotoxin A genes. Antibiotic sensitivity of <em>P. aeruginosa</em> strains was assessed by single disk-diffusion method. The most prevelant phenotype among <em>P. aeruginosa</em> were recorded. The synthetic nanoparticles AgNPs and ZnONPs were tested against all <em>P. aeruginosa</em> strains. minimum inhibitory conc (MIC) of ciprofloxacin and AgNPS was determined using microdilution method for 24 selected <em>P. aeruginosa</em> strains and in the range from 160-1280, 6-12mg/l, respectively. <em>In vitro</em>, the synergistic activity of ciprofloxacin and AgNPs was achieved in all combinations. Our finding approved that combination therapy depend on using nanoparticles considered a promising tool used to restore the activity of antibiotics. https://ajps.journals.ekb.eg/article_64110_dc655c9f2408d9739510ada53f0fea38.pdfAl-Azhar University, Faculty of PharmacyAl-Azhar Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences1110-164459120190301COMPARATIVE BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF FOUR ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI ISOLATED FROM NIGELLA SATIVA SEEDS1231366411110.21608/ajps.2019.64111ENAhmedMetwalyDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20191208In this study, a total of four endophytic fungi have been isolated from <em>Nigella sativa</em> (Ranunculaceae) seeds growing in Egypt. The isolated fungi were identified morphologically and microscopically up to species to be; <em>Alternaria pluriseptata, Aspergillus tubingensis</em>,<em> Aspergillus parasiticus </em>and<em> Eurotium pseudoglaucus</em>. The extracts of the all identified fungi were screened biologically for antileukemic, cytotoxic, antimalarial, antileishmanial, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities as well as for cannabinoid and opioid receptor binding affinities. All the examined fungal extracts showed good antileukemic activities with Ic<sub>50</sub> values ranging from 0.025 to 0.8 µg/ml, while two of them showed cytotoxic activities against Pig kidney epithelial (LLC-PK1) cells. Two fungal extracts exhibited antimalarial activities, three showed antioxidant activities and two exhibited anti-inflammatory activitieshttps://ajps.journals.ekb.eg/article_64111_18590b3039087d42f2407e401173bb79.pdfAl-Azhar University, Faculty of PharmacyAl-Azhar Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences1110-164459120190301COMPARATIVE BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF SIX ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI ISOLATED FROM VINCA ROSEA LEAVES1371516411310.21608/ajps.2019.64113ENAhmedMetwalyDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20191208In this study, a total of six endophytic fungi have been isolated from <em>Vinca rosea</em> (Apocynaceae) leaves growing in Egypt. The isolated fungi were identified morphologically and microscopically up to species to be; <em>Alternaria phragmospora, Aspergillus awamori, Penicillium duclauxii, Penicillium melinii, Nigrospora sphaerica </em>and<em> Mucor ramosissimus</em>. The extracts of the all identified fungi were screened biologically for antileukemic, cytotoxic, antimalarial, antileishmanial, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities as well as for cannabinoid and opioid receptor binding affinities. Out of the six examined fungal extracts four exhibited promising antimalarial activities, four showed modeate antileukemic activities and two of them exhibited cytotoxic activities, three showed antioxidant activities, three exhibited anti-inflammatory activities, and the only one showed an antifungal activity.<em> Alternaria phragmospora</em> was the most active antimalarial agent inhibiting <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> D6 and W2 clones with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 1.9 and 2.1 μg/mL, respectively. <em>Alternaria phragmospora</em> extractwas subjected to liquid-liquid partition using 90% MeOH, hexane then BuOH and H<sub>2</sub>O. MeOH and BuOH fractions exhibited strong activities against <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> D6 clone with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 1.3 and 28 μg/mL and W2 clone with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 1.4 and 28 μg/mL, respectively. These results may be an excellent opportunity to get a new antimalarial drug derived from endophytic fungi.https://ajps.journals.ekb.eg/article_64113_dccfca934cd47edf3c38954490b3cc32.pdfAl-Azhar University, Faculty of PharmacyAl-Azhar Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences1110-164459120190301GENISTEIN AS RADIOPROTECTIVE AGAINST PREMATURE OVARIAN FAILURE1521676411510.21608/ajps.2019.64115ENYasminHaddadCentral Administration of Pharmaceutical Affairs, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20191208Radiotherapy is one of the most important strategies in cancer treatment. Seriously, radiotherapy resulted in premature ovarian failure (POF) and infertility, Radiotherapy depends on the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer cells as a result of water radiolysis leading to induction of oxidative stress and diminution of antioxidant defense mechanisms and within this process, healthy tissues are also damaged. Moreover, germ cells seem to be much more susceptible to oxidative stress induced by radiotherapy than somatic cells. Seriously, ROS generated by ionizing radiation are capable of inducing tissue apoptosis by direct and indirect pathways leading to oxidative damage of cellular macromolecules (mainly DNA, proteins and lipids). Curiously, apoptosis was identified as the mechanism responsible for oocyte loss caused by radiotherapy. Soybeans products contain high amounts of isoflavones known as soy phytoestrogens which act as natural selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). The most prominant phytoestrogen in soybean is genistein (GEN), which shows estrogenic properties through estrogen receptor beta (ER-β) binding. GEN has different pharmacological properties through its chemoprotective activity against cancers and cardiovascular diseases. GEN was also reported to protect against acute myelotoxicity, intestinal, lung, and testicular injuries-induced by radiation. The radioprotective effects of GEN was attributed to its antioxidant<strong>,</strong> anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatoryand anti-fibrotic activities. Concerning its effects on the ovaries, previous report confirmed the protective effect of GEN against ovarian carcinogenesis. Also, GEN slowed down follicular development, considerably improving the ovarian follicular stock and extend the ovarian lifespan. In this context, GEN was documented to delay ovarian ageing and prolong ovarian reproductive life, besides its protective effect against chemotherapy and radiotherapy induced ovarian toxicity.https://ajps.journals.ekb.eg/article_64115_467b5fff3dc9b05136044a9074b78026.pdf