PHYTOCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF KOELREUTERIA ELEGANS (SEEM.) LEAVES

Document Type : Original Article

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Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

A new galloylquinic acid butyl ester; 1, 3, 4, 5-tetra-O-galloylquinic acid butyl ester(1) and other ten known phenolic compounds : 1,3,4,5-tetra-O-galloylquinic acid  (2) , methyl gallate (3), gallic acid (4) , 3"-galloyl quercetrin (5), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-4C1-arabinopyranoside (6), isorhamnetin-3- O-α-L-1C4-rhamnopyranoside (7), quercetrin (8), guaijaverin (9), quercetin (10), azaleatin (11) as well as, three triterpenoidal compounds oleanolic acid (12), oleanolic acid-3-O-β-D-4C1-glucopyranoside (13), 3-O-[O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-2)-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-2)- β-D-4C1-glucopyranosyl] oleanolic acid (14) were isolated from the 70 % methanol extract of leaves of Koelreuteria elegans (Seem.). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic analysis (NMR, -ESIMS and UV). Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were found to be 8.19 g of GAE (gallic acid equivalents) and 6.22 g of RE (rutin equivalents) per 100 g dry extract respectively. The extract significantly improved the main liver function enzymes (ALT, AST) and total bilirubin in addition to the significant hepatoprotective action against the depletion of hepatic GSH and serum vitamin C levels , as well as the changes of hepatic antioxidant enzymes levels (SOD, CAT) induced by CCl4 toxicity. It non-significantly reduced the level of ALP and GGT. Moreover, compound 1 exhibited higher activity than aqueous methanol extract against both Gram positive and Gram negative organisms and Geotricum candidum (fungi).

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