THE PREVALENCE OF DERMATOPHYTOSIS, ITS RELATIONSHIP TO BLOOD TYPE AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT HOSPITAL BASED STUDY IN EGYPT

Elsaba, Yasmin M; Osman, Mohamed; Ahmed, Ayman; Esmael, Mahmoud; Abdelkareem, Hagar

doi:10.21608/ajps.2023.311255

THE PREVALENCE OF DERMATOPHYTOSIS, ITS RELATIONSHIP TO BLOOD TYPE AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT HOSPITAL BASED STUDY IN EGYPT

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, 11421, Egypt.

² Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt.

³ Al-Azhar Center for Fermentation Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt.

10.21608/ajps.2023.311255

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the common dermatophytosis and dermatophyte(s) in Cairo hospitals, examining age, gender, blood groups, and dermatophyte incidence. It explores natural extracts like plant oils and fungal extracts as alternatives to commercial antifungal drugs and their synergistic effects. In this study, the prevalence of distinct types of dermatophytosis was investigated in 128 patients who were referred to the dermatology departments of different hospitals, including EL-Houd El-Marsoud, El Zahraa Medical Hospital, and El-Sahel Teaching Hospital in Cairo, Egypt.
Descriptive data for the tested patients was collected, including age, gender, the source of infection, and blood group type. The results showed that Tinea capitis was the most prevalent dermatophytosis, mostly in children. Investigating the correlation between blood group types and the incidence of the disease revealed that patients with blood groups B and O were the most sensitive ones. The most prevalent dermatophyte within the studied cases was identified and submitted to GenBank as Microsporum canis ON564613. To investigate the effectiveness of antifungal agents against M. canis, different common antifungal drugs, including terbinafine, ketoconazole, clotrimazole, fluconazole, and betadine, were evaluated using the agar disc diffusion test. In addition, natural alternatives were used including essential oils and an ethanolic fungal extract from Fusarium chlamydosporium. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the potent agents was detected, including terbinafine, ketoconazole, clotrimazole, clove oil, and F. chlamydosporium extract. The effective antifungal agents against M. canis were clove oil and F. chlamydosporium extract, as well as commercial drugs. According to the MIC, a synergy between combinations of different concentrations of clove oil with terbinafine, ketoconazole, and the F. chlamydosporium extract showed a synergetic effect. These results show the promising potency of these combinations in disease control compared to their use individually.

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